Many people believe that if they get a vaccine against a certain disease, they won’t get that disease. After all, that is the point of vaccines, right?
Unfortunately, that is not the case when it comes to polio in some countries. In fact, there has been a concerning surge in cases of vaccine-derived polio in Africa.
Polio is highly infectious and is spread through contaminated food and water. It typically strikes children who are younger than 5, and 1 out of every 200 cases, on average, will result in paralysis. Some patients die when the disease cripples their breathing muscles.
The oral polio vaccine, or OPV, has been used globally thanks to its easy administration and low cost. It contains weakened live polioviruses that match wild polioviruses, and they can actually cause the disease when they are “loose in the environment.” That means that in places where hygiene and sanitation practices are questionable, the viruses can get into water sources or be spread through contaminated foods and hands. The weakened virus replicates for a short period of time in children’s intestines and is then excreted through feces.
According to researchers, OPV viruses can quickly regain strength when they start spreading on their own, developing mutations that make it nearly impossible to distinguish from the wild virus. It spreads just as easily as wild polio and is every bit as virulent.
It is important to note, however, that the version of the vaccine used in Western countries is a more expensive, injectable vaccine that contains inactivated viruses that are not capable of causing polio – although that doesn’t mean it cannot cause vaccine injury.
The problem has grown so serious that even the mainstream media can’t ignore it. In November, ABC News reported that four African countries had reported new cases of polio that were linked to the vaccine and that global health numbers indicate that more children are being paralyzed by polioviruses from vaccines than those found in the wild.
The cases were registered in Congo, Angola, Central African Republic and Nigeria. All of the cases were sparked by a Type 2 virus in the vaccine.
Last year, Philippine health officials declared a new polio outbreak in the country nearly 20 years after the World Health Organization had declared the country free of the disease. It was found in children as well as sewage and waterways there. In a joint statement, the World Health Organization and UNICEF stated the outbreak was especially concerning because it had been caused by vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2. The last known case of polio in the Philippines to come from a wild strain of the virus was back in 1993.